The optical parameters of photography include lens focusing, image sharpness estimation, and exposure to the setting of the aperture and shutter speed. Focusing the lens, which is crucial to the artistic quality of the future image, provides the required sharpness of the optical image of the photographic image.

At the same time, the sharpness of the picture is evaluated either directly - by sharpness on the matte glass, or indirectly - by combining the two images, eliminating the blurriness of the micro-raster image and other parameters of the focusing screen.

The change in the diaphragm numbers leads to changes in both the depth of the sharply depicted space and the exposure, that is, it influences the exposure factors. When choosing the exposure factors, it is necessary to proceed from the task of the pictorial task, taking into account that the depth of the sharply depicted space is related to the diaphragm of the lens, and the degree of "blurring" (blurring) of the image when shooting moving subjects and shooting without a tripod depends on the duration of exposure. The maximum possible shutter speed when shooting with hands (without a tripod) with an apparatus with a normal lens corresponds to a shutter speed of 1/30 ... ... 1/50 s, and with a long-focus lens - 1/125 ... 1/250 s. Consequently, the maximum possible shutter speed also depends on the size of the focal length of the lens.

If the object is long in depth and allows a short exposure, it is advisable to close the diaphragm, compensating for exposure by increasing the exposure or increasing the sensitivity of the photographic material, and vice versa. When you want to highlight a highly important part of a picture, to create a depth of space in the image, with close-up portrait photography, etc., the aperture numbers serve as the priority factor for setting the exposure parameters. Depth of field can be determined visually, on the frosted glass of the viewfinder or on special scales of the lens.

The definition of the moment of shooting and the subsequent shooting are the final of the creative process of shooting. Accurate definition of the moment of shooting is especially important in fast-moving processes (sports shooting, fireworks, reporting, genre scenes, etc.), as well as for all types of portrait and artistic photography, when you need to choose not only a successful place of shooting, lighting, camera angle, , but also to catch the state of a person, the expression of his face.

"RONBO.RU" Moscow
2007