( 1950 — 2000 )

Light and color in the photo

Light is needed not only to create a certain level of illumination, but along with other expressive means of photography bears in itself the idea of the creative intention of the photographer, the artist. With the help of light, you can simulate volumes, emphasize their plasticity, density or weight, if this is required by the idea of a photograph. Light can create a complex figure of light and shade, make a certain semantic emphasis, ie, highlight the plot-composition center.

Pavilion shooting

Under pavilion photography is meant photographing in a room where artificial, most often electric light is used. The number and power of the light sources used in this case must correspond to the amount of illumination necessary to obtain a high-quality image. Various types of lighting, which were mentioned above, are used in the conditions of pavilion shooting.

The use of optical means

Optical means used as expressive means different lenses, the focal length of which is shorter or longer than the focal length of a normal lens, providing a correct perspective, the usual perception of space. Short focus lenses allow you to increase the angle of the image. In this case, the shorter the focal length of the lens, the greater the angle of the image. Using such lenses, the photographer has the opportunity to create a so-called spherical perspective.

Full-scale survey

Landscape is one of the most common genres in modern photography. Skillfully using technical means, and also taking into account natural factors, the photographer has the opportunity to give him some emotional coloring that will convey his own state of mind. But in order to accurately and expressively convey the mood, it is necessary to remember the features of field shooting.

The plot-composition center

Composition is the combination of individual elements into a single artistic whole.
The photographic composition is also a reflection of reality, not created by the artist's imagination, and the author's inner relation to it, its philosophical, aesthetic and ethical comprehension of the surrounding world. In composing a composition, the photographer relies on objectively defined forms and gives them a certain semantic coloring by using a number of expressive means.

Selecting exposure parameters

The optical parameters of photography include lens focusing, image sharpness estimation, and exposure to the setting of the aperture and shutter speed. Focusing the lens, which is crucial to the artistic quality of the future image, provides the required sharpness of the optical image of the photographic image.

The concepts of movement, rhythm and contrast

The composition can be constructed only on the front plane of the photograph, or it may be multidimensional. Planar compositions, as a rule, are closed and static, their space is very limited. The impression of dynamism is most often conveyed by non-closed compositions. At the same time, it is necessary to identify the main line of movement so that the viewer perceives and sees movement in the past, in the present and in the future.

Barometers and weather stations

In other publications, we talked about sights and telescopes - products designed for people with very "specific interests" (hunting and astronomy). And the binoculars mentioned by us are also more interested in representatives of, so to speak, "small groups" (tourists or theater-goers, depending on the model of binoculars). Meanwhile, there is an optical technique that is useful to everyone. We are talking about barometers and weather stations. The barometer is a device for measuring atmospheric pressure.

Search with a metal detector

You will need a metal detector if you hunt for historical relics. Here it is necessary to clarify that this term refers to a very wide range of subjects. According to the encyclopedic definition, historical relics are "objects especially revered and kept as a memory of the past". Even a can of stew can be a historical relic, if this bank is not sent to the trash, and stored as an expensive memory, and if this bank was produced in 1934.

Application of metal detectors

Metal detectors (metal detector literally - metal detectors) were developed in the 20-ies of the twentieth century in the United States. Metal detectors or, in Russian, "metal detectors" were interested in the military. During the Second World War, the technique of detecting metals developed rapidly, and special equipment was developed to search for mines. After the end of the war, their consumption by the military decreased sharply, and metal detectors were sold cheaply in the USA.